Knowledge

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Learning can be defined as a change in long-term memory, and therefore it can be useful to categories the different types of memories or knowledge that we store (when we learn). 



Declarative (explicit) - that which we can consciously recall and verbalise:
  • Episodic memories - of person event, experiences and the context in which they occurred
  • Semantic memories - facts and knowledge of the world


Non-Declarative (implicit) - that which influences behaviour without conscious control
  • Procedural - motor skills and cognitive routines
  • Priming - expose to one stimulus influences response to another
  • Conditioning & Associative Learning - acquired automatic association
  • Perceptual learning - becoming better at interpreting sensory input due to experience
  • Habituation & Sensitisation - Non-associative learning where responses decrease (habituation) or increase (sensitisation) with repeated exposure.


Alternative classification
  • Conceptual: understanding principles, relationships
  • Procedural: how to perform steps or methods
  • Conditional: when and why to apply knowledge


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